Extending The Community of Inquiry Framework: Development and Validation of Technology Sub-Dimensions

Since the mandatory switch to online education due COVID-19 outbreak in 2020, technology has gained more importance for teaching and learning environments. The Community of Inquiry (CoI) is one validated frameworks widely used examine learning. In this paper, we offer an extension CoI framework survey, arguing that meaningful appropriate use technologies become a requirement today’s pandemic post-pandemic educational contexts. With goal, propose adding three technology-related sub-dimensions would fall under each main presence framework: (a) teaching, (b) interaction, (c) Based on exploratory confirmatory factor analyses, added 5 items sub-dimension, 4 interaction sub-dimension original survey. Further research practice implications are also discussed paper.